Which vessel is commonly used for intravenous (IV) access?

The median cubital vein is commonly used for intravenous (IV) access due to its location and size. This vein is situated in the antecubital fossa, which is the bend of the elbow, making it easily accessible for healthcare providers. It is typically large and centrally located, which allows for effective and quick access to the venous system.

The jugular vein, while also used in some situations for IV access—particularly in emergency situations for central venous access—is not the primary choice for routine peripheral IV placement.

The femoral vein, located in the groin area, is generally reserved for specific clinical scenarios, such as in patients who are difficult to access peripherally or need central access; it carries higher risks of complications compared to peripheral veins.

The cephalic vein is another option for IV access, but it is often less preferred than the median cubital vein because it can be more difficult to locate, especially in obese patients or those with varying anatomy. The median cubital vein’s favorable characteristics usually make it the first choice in standard situations requiring IV access.